With the rapid development of solar photovoltaic power generation, the issue of recycling and reusing waste photovoltaic modules has emerged. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), it is estimated that by 2030, the accumulated waste photovoltaic modules worldwide will reach millions of tons, and by 2050, this figure will even reach tens of millions of tons. Furthermore, according to the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the amount of waste photovoltaic modules in China is expected to increase significantly starting from 2020. By 2030, the waste photovoltaic modules in China may produce 1.45 million tons of carbon steel, 1.1 million tons of glass, 540,000 tons of plastic, 260,000 tons of aluminum, 170,000 tons of copper, 50,000 tons of silicon, and 550 tons of silver.

On one hand, if these waste modules are not handled properly, they will have a serious negative impact on the environment and society, undermining the original "green" intent of photovoltaic power generation.

On the other hand, the new energy industry embodies the main content and important support of low-carbon development and a green economy, and low-carbon development and a green economy are the driving force of the new energy industry. When the problem of waste photovoltaic modules left over from the development of the photovoltaic industry is not properly addressed, it will inevitably hinder the sustainable development of the photovoltaic industry.

The traditional development model based on the consumption of natural resources and energy poses increasingly severe challenges to the human living environment. Green development and the development and utilization of clean energy have become the main theme of global development. In this process, the photovoltaic industry has played an important role and will continue to play a greater historical role.

However, the large-scale application of solar photovoltaic power generation has led to the issue of waste photovoltaic module recycling. Therefore, researching the recycling and reusing of retired and waste photovoltaic modules has significant practical significance.